Steam-generator



(NojModel.) v

J. C. STEAD.

i STEAM GENERATOR.

'NM1-1,450. Paten.1;edJan,27,1885.

4 hiv/LEE JAMES O. STEAD, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

armar rtree.

STEAM-GENERATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part o f Letters Patent No. 311,450, dated January27,1885.

Application led January 5, 1884.

S'o all whom L may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMns C. STEAD, of Brooklymin Kings county,and theState ofN ew York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inSteam-Generators, of which the following is a specification. l

I will describe in detail a steam boiler or generator embodying myimprovement, and then point out the improvement in claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a sectional side View ofasteam-boiler or generator embodying my improvelnent. Fig. 2 is asectional front view thereof, and Fig. 3 is a sectional back View of thesame.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all thefigures.

A designates a furnace of the ordinary or any other appropriate style.On thebridgewall is a mud-drum, B. Pipes C connect this mud-drum withanother drum, D, arranged, as here shown, near the back of the boiler orgenerator.

From the drum D-as here shown, from its front portionextend toward thefront of the boiler or generator pipes E, which at the forward ends arefastened to headers or returnbends F. The pipes E ascend or inclineupwardly as they extend forward.

From the headers or return-bends F pipes E extend rearwardly andupwardly over the pipes E, and at the rear ends they are secured toheaders or return-bends F. Pipes F,2 extend from the headers orreturn-bends F rearwardly and upwardly over the pipes E. At the forwardends they are secured to headers or return-bends F2, which are arrangedover the headers or return-bends F.

From the headers or return-bends F2 pipes E3 extend rearwardly andupwardly to headers or returnbends F5, and from these headers orreturn-bends F3 pipes E* extend forwardly and upwardly to headers orreturn-bends F4. Pipes E5 extend from the headers or returnbends lastmentioned rearwardly and -upwardly to a header, F5, and from this headerF5 other pipes, E5, extendforwardly and rearwardly to headers orreturn-bends F5. From these last-named headers or return-bend pipes E7extend rearwardly and upwardly to headers or return-bends F7. Pipes FPextend rearwardly and upwardly to elbows or couplings F5, which connectthem to pipes E, that excommunicating compartments.

(No model.)

tend upwardly into separators G. These couplings F5 severally haveopenings s 55 35 8*. The pipes E5 t in the holes s, and the pipes E9 inthe holes 8*. The pipes E5 E9 may be passed through the openings s st tofit them in their openings s s2, and may be expanded in theiropeningsVby implements operated through the holes s" 85. The openings 85s4 may be closed by plugs or plates. The pipes E E, Sto., may beconnected to the headers or return-bends F F', &c., not excepting theheader F5, by screw-threads, or, if the construction of the headers orreturn-bends will admit of it, by expanding the ends of the pipes. Theheaders orreturn-bends of each row F, F', F5, F5, F4, F5, or FT are, ashere shown, separate and independent, and severally serve only toconnect one pipe with another pipe above it; but the header F5 is onecasting extending laterally throughout the whole range of pipes E E, &c.This header F5 is provided with a partition, a, which extends parallelwith its top and bottom, and with a number of upright partitions, I),that extend between the partition a and the top of the head er. rlhepartitions b divide the header into a number of compartments., each ofwhich serves to connect one of the pipes E5 with one of the pipes E5.

In the partition a between the partitions b Yare holes c; hence thespace between the partition a and the bottom of the header forms apassage common to all the compartments of the header. The holes c shouldbe successively larger from the ends of the header toward the middle.Thus it will be seen I produce a single header having a number of inter-The ends of the passage formed between the partition a and the bottom ofthe header FD are connected to pipes H, which extend to the drum D-ashere'shown, to the back part thereof. lIlhese pipes H are furnished withcheck-valves H', that are adapted to open downwardly when the pressureabove them is greater than the pressure below them. Under othercircumstances they will remain closed. The pipes E preferably extendinto the separators G above the water-line. As here shown, they extendinto the bottoms of shouldered portions at the front ends of theseparators. From the rear ends of the separators, below the water-line,pipes I extend to the back portion of the drum D. As the water in thepipes E E', tc., becomes heated it circulates upwardly through them. If,at the time of its arrival at the header F5, the pressure issufficiently high, partof the water will descend through the pipes H,force open the check-valves H', and pass into the drum D, and theremainder will circulate up into the separators G, and some will returnto the drum D through the pipes I. If, however, the pressure at theheader F5 shall not be sufficiently in excess of the pressure in thedrum D to open the check-valves H', then the entire circulation will bethrough the separators. I find that to relieve the steam from some ofthe water at the header F5 is advantageous whenever the pressure at thatpoint is excessive. The headers or return -bends of each row F, F2, F,and F6 will fit snugly together, side by side. Ihe row F may besupported by a bridge or other device extending beneath them, and eachupper row may be supported by blocks f, resting on the next lower row,and arranged so as to practically prevent the passage ofthe products ofcombustion between the rows. The row of headers or return-bends F restupon the drum D. The row of headers or return-bends F3 is supported bynarrow blocks g, that will not prevent the passage of the products ofcombustion past the headers or return-bends. The header F5 is supportedsimilarly above the headers or return-bends F3, and the headers orreturn-bends F7 are similarly supported above the header F5. The blocksf g may be formed with the headers, or separately therefrom. lIhe pipesE E', te., may be supportedbetween the ends by straps, if desirable.rIhe separators may be connected together and to the side walls of theboiler or generator inany suitable manner, so as to prevent the passageof the products of combustion upward past them. I have shown asteam-drum, K, connected to the upper parts of these separators. Theremay be any number of partitions across or partly across the boiler orgenerator between the front and rear headers or return-bends, to deflectthe products of combustion and aid in supporting the pipes E E', 85e.

I may feed water into the drum D by a suitable pipe, or I may feed intoother parts of the boiler or generator.

In lieu of each of the rows of headers or return bends F, F', F2, F3,F4, F6, and F7, I may use headers like the header F5, excepting that thelower passage establishing communication between the compartments willhave closed ends.

The header F-and, if others like it are used, they also-may be made intwo longitudinal sections, each extending but half-way across the rangeof pipes E E, &c.

ers, November 24, 1863, and numbered 40,722,

and also Letters Patent granted to W. C. Baker for an improvement insteam boilers. dated December 18, 1866, and numbered 60,459, and I donot herein claim anything therein shown and described.

What Iclaim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a steam boiler or generator, the combination, with a row of pipesand another row arranged above it, of a header divided by transversepartitions and a perforated longitudinal partition into compartmentswhich severally connect a pipe in the lower row with a pipe in the upperrow, and which intercommunicate through the perl'orations in theylongitudinal partition with the passage beyond the same, substantiallyas specied.

2. In a steam-generator, the combination of adrum, rows ofreversely-inclined circulatingpipes leading therefrom, through whichwater ascends, headers or return-bends connecting saidcirculating-pipes, a separator or separators with which each row ofcirculating-pipes is separately connected, pipes leading from theseparator or separators back to the drum, and through which waterreturns, a header arranged below the separator or separators, and withwhich each vertical row of circulating-pipes is separately connected,said header being unconnected with the pipes through which water isreturned from the separator to' the drum, and a pipe or pipes leadingfrom said header back to the drum, and adapted to afford at the headerrelief from excessive pressure, substantially as specified.

3. In a steam boiler or generator, the combination of a drum, rows ol'circulating-pipes, headers or return-bends connecting the rows of pipes,a separator or separators into which the uppermost pipes extend, pipesleading from the separator or separators back to the drum, pipes leadingfrom a header below the separator or separators back to the drum, andcheck-valves in these pipes, substantially as specified.

JAMES C. STEAD.

Witnesses:

T. J. KEANE, LoUIs SoHUL'rZ.

ICO

IIO

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 311,450, granted Jannary 27, 1885, upon the application of James C. Stead, of Brooklyn,New York, for an improvement in Steam-Generators,77 an error appears inthe printed speoioation requiring` the following correction, viz: Inline 59, page 1, the reference-letters s3 s4 should be read between theWords openings and by, and that the Letters Patent should be read withthis correction therein to make it conform to the record of the ease inthe Patent Ofoe.

Signed, oountersigned, and sealed this 10th day of February, A. D. 1885.

[SEAL] M. L. JOSLYN,

Acting Secretary 0f the Interior. Countersigned:

BENJ. BUTTERWORTH,

Commissioner of Patents.

